ABSTRACT
Background@#Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) are an attractive resource for wound healing because their regenerative capacity improves injury repair. Recently, stem cell-derived exosomes have been shown to play a positive role in stem cell-based therapies. However, the effects of exosomes derived from AMSCs (AEXOs) on wound healing are unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine the role of AEXOs in attenuating inflammation and explore their effects in normal wound healing. @*Methods@#We isolated exosomes from AMSCs and established a cellular model of inflammation by treatment with the inflammatory cytokines, interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha, to determine whether AEXOs can inhibit inflammation. We examined the wound healing effects of AEXOs in in vitro wound healing models and performed a miRNA array to understand the role of AEXOs in inflammation and wound healing. @*Results@#A significant difference was observed in wound closure and the expression of anti-inflammatory and wound-healing-related factors between control and AEXO-treated cells. @*Conclusion@#Our results showed that besides alleviating the inflammation response, AEXOs also promote wound healing. Thus, AEXOs represent a novel, stem-cell-based, therapeutic strategy for wound healing.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) are an attractive resource for wound healing because their regenerative capacity improves injury repair. Recently, stem cell-derived exosomes have been shown to play a positive role in stem cell-based therapies. However, the effects of exosomes derived from AMSCs (AEXOs) on wound healing are unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine the role of AEXOs in attenuating inflammation and explore their effects in normal wound healing. @*Methods@#We isolated exosomes from AMSCs and established a cellular model of inflammation by treatment with the inflammatory cytokines, interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha, to determine whether AEXOs can inhibit inflammation. We examined the wound healing effects of AEXOs in in vitro wound healing models and performed a miRNA array to understand the role of AEXOs in inflammation and wound healing. @*Results@#A significant difference was observed in wound closure and the expression of anti-inflammatory and wound-healing-related factors between control and AEXO-treated cells. @*Conclusion@#Our results showed that besides alleviating the inflammation response, AEXOs also promote wound healing. Thus, AEXOs represent a novel, stem-cell-based, therapeutic strategy for wound healing.
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this descriptive correlation study was to examine the correlations among body mass index, paternal and maternal parenting, alexithymia, depression, and abnormal eating behaviors, and to determine associated risk factors for Korean women college students. METHODS: Data were collected from 270 women college students in S city, Korea. They were asked to fill out the Korean version of the Eating Attitude Test, Parental Bonding Instrument, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchial regression analysis. RESULTS: College students' abnormal eating behaviors were significantly associated with body mass index, paternal and maternal parenting, alexithymia, and depression. Hierarchical regression analysis found the most important predictors of abnormal eating behaviors were body mass index and depression, which explained 15% of the variance in abnormal eating behaviors. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that women college students with overweight and higher levels of depression are vulnerable to disordered eating behavior. Management of obesity and depressive mood could be effective interventions to prevent disordered eating behavior.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Young Adult , Affective Symptoms , Body Mass Index , Depression , Eating , Epidemiologic Studies , Feeding Behavior , Korea , Obesity , Overweight , Parenting , Parents , Risk Factors , Statistics as TopicABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is considered a highly accurate and very economic method of assessing the axillary nodal status in breast cancer patients. Recently immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) are commonly used to evaluate micrometastasis in the sentinel lymph node. However, most of the RT-PCR studies have been performed using fresh tissue. This study was conducted to assess micrometastasis in clinically node-negative breast cancer by using RT-PCR technique on the paraffin embedded sentinel lymph nodes. METHODS: Sixty patients who undergone SLN biopsy followed by axillary lymph node dissection due to breast carcinoma were evaluated from February 2000 to January 2001 at the Breast Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Yongdong Severance Hospital. Serial sections were made from all sentinel lymph nodes for the H&E staining and for the IHC staining with monoclonal anti-cytokeratin antibody. RNA was extracted from the paraffin embedded sentinel lymph nodes and RT-PCR was performed using cytokeratin 19 mRNA, MUC-1 mRNA, and MAGE-A3 mRNA. RESULTS: In 32 out of 60 cases, beta-actin mRNA was detected after RT-PCR, and the 28 cases which had no product after RT-PCR for beta-actin were excluded from this study. Twenty five cases showed as being metastasis positive and 7 cases showed as being metastasis negative by serial section (SS) H&E staining. Three out of 25 negative cases tested for by SS H&E staining were found to be positive by IHC. Ten, six and, eight cases out of the 25 negative cases tested for by SS H&E were found to be positive by RT-PCR for cytokeratin 19, MUC-1, and MAGE-A3, respectively. Among the 22 cases that were found to be negative by both SS H&E staining and IHC staining, 9, 4, and 6 cases were converted to positive by RT-PCR for cytokeratin 19, MUC-1, and MAGE-A3, respectively. Using the combination of two or three markers for performing RT-PCR was more sensitive than any single marker to detect micrometastasis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Even though we failed to extract RNA in 46% of the paraffin embedded tissues, it may be possible to detect micrometastasis by using RT-PCR with the paraffin embedded tissue. RT-PCR is far more sensitive than IHC for detecting microme tastasis, and when we combine multiple markers, the detection rate is higher than for any one marker.
Subject(s)
Humans , Actins , Biopsy , Breast Neoplasms , Breast , Keratin-19 , Lymph Node Excision , Lymph Nodes , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Micrometastasis , Paraffin , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA , RNA, MessengerABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is considered a highly accurate and very economic method of assessing the axillary nodal status in breast cancer patients. Recently immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) are commonly used to evaluate micrometastasis in the sentinel lymph node. However, most of the RT-PCR studies have been performed using fresh tissue. This study was conducted to assess micrometastasis in clinically node-negative breast cancer by using RT-PCR technique on the paraffin embedded sentinel lymph nodes. METHODS: Sixty patients who undergone SLN biopsy followed by axillary lymph node dissection due to breast carcinoma were evaluated from February 2000 to January 2001 at the Breast Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Yongdong Severance Hospital. Serial sections were made from all sentinel lymph nodes for the H&E staining and for the IHC staining with monoclonal anti-cytokeratin antibody. RNA was extracted from the paraffin embedded sentinel lymph nodes and RT-PCR was performed using cytokeratin 19 mRNA, MUC-1 mRNA, and MAGE-A3 mRNA. RESULTS: In 32 out of 60 cases, beta-actin mRNA was detected after RT-PCR, and the 28 cases which had no product after RT-PCR for beta-actin were excluded from this study. Twenty five cases showed as being metastasis positive and 7 cases showed as being metastasis negative by serial section (SS) H&E staining. Three out of 25 negative cases tested for by SS H&E staining were found to be positive by IHC. Ten, six and, eight cases out of the 25 negative cases tested for by SS H&E were found to be positive by RT-PCR for cytokeratin 19, MUC-1, and MAGE-A3, respectively. Among the 22 cases that were found to be negative by both SS H&E staining and IHC staining, 9, 4, and 6 cases were converted to positive by RT-PCR for cytokeratin 19, MUC-1, and MAGE-A3, respectively. Using the combination of two or three markers for performing RT-PCR was more sensitive than any single marker to detect micrometastasis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Even though we failed to extract RNA in 46% of the paraffin embedded tissues, it may be possible to detect micrometastasis by using RT-PCR with the paraffin embedded tissue. RT-PCR is far more sensitive than IHC for detecting microme tastasis, and when we combine multiple markers, the detection rate is higher than for any one marker.